Others titles
- Estimation of Productivity Growth in United States Farm Sector
- United States Productivity in Farm Sector
Keywords
- Farm Practices in the US
- Agricultural Productivity
- Farm Productivity Growth
- US Agriculture
- Farm Practices in US
United States Price Indices and Quantities of Farm Output and Input
This dataset provides estimates of productivity growth in the U.S. farm sector for 1948-2019, including Price indices and implicit quantities of farm outputs and inputs.
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Description
It is widely agreed that increased productivity is the main contributor to economic growth in U.S. agriculture. The level of U.S. farm output was about 2.7 times its 1948 level in 2019, growing at an average annual rate of 1.52 percent. Aggregate input use increased at a modest 0.05 percent annually in the same period, so the positive growth in farm sector output was very substantially due to productivity growth, which increased at an average 1.47 percent per year.
Single-factor measures of productivity, such as corn production per acre (yield or land productivity) or per hour of labor (labor productivity), have been used for many years because the underlying data are often easily available. While useful, such measures can also mislead. For example, yields could increase simply because farmers are adding more of other inputs, such as chemicals, labor, or machinery, to their land base. USDA produces measures of total factor productivity (TFP), taking account of the use of all inputs to the production process.
Specifically, annual productivity growth is the difference between growth of agricultural output and the growth of all inputs taken together. Productivity, therefore, measures changes in the efficiency with which inputs are transformed into outputs. USDA also produces State-level productivity measures (annual growth rates as well as cross-State differences in levels) of productivity, or differences in output per unit of combined inputs. Input measures are adjusted for changes in their quality, such as improvements in the efficacy of chemicals and seeds, changes in the demographics of the farm workforce, or innovations in machinery design. As a result, agricultural productivity is driven by innovations in on-farm tasks, changes in the organization and structure of the farm sector, and research aimed at improvements in farm production. In the short-term, measured agricultural productivity can also be affected by random events like the weather.
– U.S. agricultural productivity growth compares favorably to agricultural productivity growth in other industrialized countries, and to productivity growth in the overall U.S. economy.
– The level of U.S. farm output more than doubled between 1948 and 2013, growing at an average annual rate of 1.52 percent. Aggregate input use increased at a modest 0.05 percent annually in the same period, so the positive growth in farm sector output was very substantially due to productivity (sometimes referred to as total factor productivity, or TFP) growth, which increased at an annual 1.47 percent over the 1948-2013 period.
– During the 2007-13 subperiod, growth in output maintained an average annual rate of about 0.9 percent, comparable to that in the 2000-07 subperiod (the subperiods are measured from cyclical peak-to-peak in aggregate economic activity). During 2007-13, however, input use declined 0.54 percent per year (compared to increasing 0.32 percent per year over 2000-07), and measured average annual TFP growth rate rebounded from 0.6 percent during 2000-07 to 1.45 percent during 2007-13.
ote: Price indices are relative to 2015 = 1. Quantities are in million, $2015
About this Dataset
Data Info
Date Created | 2013 |
---|---|
Last Modified | 2022-01-06 |
Version | 2022-01-06 |
Update Frequency |
Annual |
Temporal Coverage |
1948-2019 |
Spatial Coverage |
United States |
Source | John Snow Labs; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Economic Research Service (ERS); |
Source License URL | |
Source License Requirements |
N/A |
Source Citation |
N/A |
Keywords | Farm Practices in the US, Agricultural Productivity, Farm Productivity Growth, US Agriculture, Farm Practices in US |
Other Titles | Estimation of Productivity Growth in United States Farm Sector, United States Productivity in Farm Sector |
Data Fields
Name | Description | Type | Constraints |
---|---|---|---|
Production_Year | Year of production | date | - |
Price_of_Total_Output | Total output is defined as gross production leaving the farm, as opposed to real value added. | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Total_Output | Quantity of total output attained. | number | level : Ratio |
Total_Price_of_All_Livestock_and_Products_Output | Price of Total output of livestock and their products including meat animals, dairy, poultry and eggs etc. | number | level : Nominal |
Total_Quantity_of_All_Livestock_and_Products_Output | Quantity of Total output of livestock and their products including meat animals, dairy, poultry and eggs etc. | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Meat_Animals_Output | Price of Total meat animal output achieved | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Meat_Animals_Output | Quantity of Total meat animal output achieved | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Dairy_Output | Price of Total dairy output achieved | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Dairy_Output | Quantity of Total dairy output achieved | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Poultry_and_Eggs_Output | Price of Total poultry and eggs output achieved | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Poultry_and_Eggs_Output | Quantity of Total poultry and eggs output achieved | number | level : Ratio |
Total_Price_of_All_Crops_Output | Price of Total crops output achieved including all food grains, feed, oil, vegetables and melons, fruits and nuts crops etc | number | level : Nominal |
Total_Quantity_of_All_Crops_Output | Quantity of Total crops output achieved including all food grains, feed, oil, vegetables and melons, fruits and nuts crops etc | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Food_Grain_Crops_Output | Price of Total crops output achieved | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Food_Grain_Crops_Output | Quantity of Total crops output achieved | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Feed_Crops_Output | Price of Total feed crops output achieved | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Feed_Crops_Output | Quantity of Total feed crops output achieved | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Oil_Crops_Output | Price of Total oil crops output achieved | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Oil_Crops_Output | Quantity of Total oil crops output achieved | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Vegetables_and_Melons_Output | Price of Total vegetables and melons crops output achieved | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Vegetables_and_Melons_Output | Quantity of Total vegetables and melons crops output achieved | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Fruits_and_Nuts_Output | Price of Total fruits and nuts crops output achieved | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Fruits_and_Nuts_Output | Quantity of Total fruits and nuts crops output achieved | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Miscellaneous_Crops_Output | Price of Output from the miscellaneous crops | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Miscellaneous_Crops_Output | Quantity of Output from the miscellaneous crops | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Farm_Related_Output | Price of Gross farm related output achieved | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Farm_Related_Output | Quantity of Gross farm related output achieved | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Total_Farm_Input | Price of Fram related input | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Total_Farm_Input | Quantity of Fram related input | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_All_Capital_Input | Price of all of the capital input applied | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_All_Capital_Input | Quantity of all of the capital input applied | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Durable_Equipment_Input | Price of Capital input of durable equipments | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Durable_Equipment_Input | Quantity of Capital input of durable equipments | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Service_Buildings_Capital_Input | Price of Capital input of service buildings | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Service_Buildings_Capital_Input | Quantity of Capital input of service buildings | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Land_Capital_Input | Price of Capital input of the agricultural land | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Land_Capital_Input | Quantity of Capital input of the agricultural land | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Inventories_Input | Price of Capital input of the inventories | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Inventories_Input | Quantity of Capital input of the inventories | number | level : Ratio |
Total_Price_of_Labor_Input | Price of Total input given by the labor | number | level : Nominal |
Total_Quantity_of_Labor_Input | Quantity of Total input given by the labor | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Hired_Labor_Input | Price of Input given by the hired labor | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Hired_Labor_Input | Quantity of Input given by the hired labor | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Self_Employed_and_Unpaid_Family_Labor_Input | Price of Input given by self-employed and unpaid family labor | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Self_Employed_and_Unpaid_Family_Labor_Input | Quantity of Input given by self-employed and unpaid family labor | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_All_Intermediate_Goods_Input | Price of Input given by intermediate goods, including feed, seed, energy, fertilizer, lime and pesticide. Intermediate goods produced and consumed within the farm are self-canceling transactions and, therefore, do not enter either output or input accounts. | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_All_Intermediate_Goods_Input | Quantity of Input given by intermediate goods, including feed, seed, energy, fetrilizer, lime and pesticide. Intermediate goods produced and consumed within the farm are self-canceling transactions and, therefore, do not enter either output or input accounts. | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Feed_and_Seed_Input | Price of Input given by feed and seed crops | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Feed_and_Seed_Input | Quantity of Input given by feed and seed crops | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Energy_Input | Price of Farm input contributed by energy utilized. | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Energy_Input | Quantity of Farm input contributed by energy utilized. | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Fertilizer_and_Lime_Input | Price of Farm input contributed by lime and fertilizer. | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Fertilizer_and_Lime_Input | Quantity of Farm input contributed by lime and fertilizer. | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Pesticides_Input | Price of Farm input contributed by pesticides. | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Pesticides_Input | Quantity of Farm input contributed by pesticides. | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Purchased_Services_Input | Price of Farm input contributed by purchased services. | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Purchased_Services_Input | Quality of Farm input contributed by purchased services. | number | level : Ratio |
Price_of_Miscellaneous_Intermediate_Good_Input | Price of Farm input contributed by miscellaneous sources of goods. | number | level : Nominal |
Quantity_of_Miscellaneous_Intermediate_Goods_Input | Quality of Farm input contributed by miscellaneous sources of goods. | number | level : Ratio |
Data Preview
Production Year | Price of Total Output | Quantity of Total Output | Total Price of All Livestock and Products Output | Total Quantity of All Livestock and Products Output | Price of Meat Animals Output | Quantity of Meat Animals Output | Price of Dairy Output | Quantity of Dairy Output | Price of Poultry and Eggs Output | Quantity of Poultry and Eggs Output | Total Price of All Crops Output | Total Quantity of All Crops Output | Price of Food Grain Crops Output | Quantity of Food Grain Crops Output | Price of Feed Crops Output | Quantity of Feed Crops Output | Price of Oil Crops Output | Quantity of Oil Crops Output | Price of Vegetables and Melons Output | Quantity of Vegetables and Melons Output | Price of Fruits and Nuts Output | Quantity of Fruits and Nuts Output | Price of Miscellaneous Crops Output | Quantity of Miscellaneous Crops Output | Price of Farm Related Output | Quantity of Farm Related Output | Price of Total Farm Input | Quantity of Total Farm Input | Price of All Capital Input | Quantity of All Capital Input | Price of Durable Equipment Input | Quantity of Durable Equipment Input | Price of Service Buildings Capital Input | Quantity of Service Buildings Capital Input | Price of Land Capital Input | Quantity of Land Capital Input | Price of Inventories Input | Quantity of Inventories Input | Total Price of Labor Input | Total Quantity of Labor Input | Price of Hired Labor Input | Quantity of Hired Labor Input | Price of Self Employed and Unpaid Family Labor Input | Quantity of Self Employed and Unpaid Family Labor Input | Price of All Intermediate Goods Input | Quantity of All Intermediate Goods Input | Price of Feed and Seed Input | Quantity of Feed and Seed Input | Price of Energy Input | Quantity of Energy Input | Price of Fertilizer and Lime Input | Quantity of Fertilizer and Lime Input | Price of Pesticides Input | Quantity of Pesticides Input | Price of Purchased Services Input | Quantity of Purchased Services Input | Price of Miscellaneous Intermediate Good Input | Quantity of Miscellaneous Intermediate Goods Input |
1948 | 0.292460865 | 146220.1701 | 0.267200039 | 71757.71044 | 0.18552796100000002 | 44354.368760000005 | 0.273847181 | 16027.187069999998 | 0.607328909 | 6341.652679 | 0.320798747 | 71694.1094 | 0.445233631 | 7015.583911 | 0.34394733200000005 | 30472.97684 | 0.332809125 | 4490.347836999999 | 0.21169597899999998 | 8087.069066 | 0.127666702 | 8835.506671 | 0.34387372299999996 | 12720.596090000001 | 0.092543449 | 6382.234603 | 0.11210969 | 381444.9705 | 0.149914796 | 106525.7346 | 0.087233256 | 13077.49276 | 0.069873423 | 4946.267443 | 0.184905182 | 77896.63606 | 0.024911002 | 3206.905691 | 0.036017279 | 291283.93100000004 | 0.036937608 | 81395.51032999999 | 0.035487479 | 210910.9855 | 0.161117354 | 101184.873 | 0.23050296399999998 | 50579.16422 | 0.056406504 | 19182.03802 | 0.10814292 | 7638.040448000001 | 0.49686202 | 237.4904807 | 0.09190936 | 26516.657059999998 | 0.08904728699999999 | 2031.179302 |
1949 | 0.257568174 | 143973.5903 | 0.226090664 | 72255.08163 | 0.158814998 | 45932.89463 | 0.22382861 | 16745.10692 | 0.51840302 | 7262.20885 | 0.290543321 | 69391.04401 | 0.430402742 | 6025.809274 | 0.311324593 | 28020.245389999996 | 0.276304375 | 4294.471577 | 0.176433342 | 9159.266495 | 0.11884769999999999 | 7816.726798999999 | 0.316015764 | 13987.43435 | 0.097490714 | 6007.86452 | 0.095916098 | 386619.3019 | 0.09985314699999999 | 108475.1662 | 0.09818319199999999 | 15432.34785 | 0.081008442 | 5160.906239 | 0.110763066 | 78163.03872000001 | 0.069382538 | 3469.673628 | 0.036402311 | 284264.0271 | 0.037335003 | 75623.31187 | 0.035865906 | 209794.5345 | 0.152010554 | 104621.4224 | 0.208723543 | 52397.41654 | 0.057449825 | 21235.6781 | 0.120833606 | 7406.879813 | 0.484944109 | 286.6309693 | 0.09420550300000001 | 26443.54734 | 0.09344967800000001 | 2374.243727 |
1950 | 0.258880857 | 140499.9693 | 0.22699725699999998 | 73506.7617 | 0.174411533 | 47112.88616 | 0.22011887600000002 | 16895.42515 | 0.43409447 | 7796.6208670000005 | 0.291317145 | 65303.28995 | 0.407183611 | 5616.910321 | 0.275975195 | 28732.41258 | 0.29334204399999997 | 4361.508933 | 0.162226423 | 8851.825579 | 0.152571799 | 7786.497952 | 0.39590103299999996 | 10793.22783 | 0.10879052 | 6093.8327770000005 | 0.093571523 | 388716.0486 | 0.105009525 | 111202.3374 | 0.10673220800000001 | 17806.69205 | 0.093711412 | 5332.296785 | 0.116370915 | 78347.07299 | 0.046654375 | 3423.8904789999997 | 0.034867782 | 273492.3012 | 0.035902542999999995 | 78839.7337 | 0.034300041 | 195496.0599 | 0.14209244599999998 | 106686.7269 | 0.190984824 | 52257.40931 | 0.057979565 | 21783.63875 | 0.10290243199999999 | 9474.994764000001 | 0.48770540700000004 | 367.0248423 | 0.094453909 | 27083.65027 | 0.09890311800000001 | 2061.040892 |
1951 | 0.287985772 | 146748.7449 | 0.26771536 | 76461.04638 | 0.207183139 | 49698.61479 | 0.25594574600000003 | 16620.557530000002 | 0.501907071 | 8359.557467 | 0.306451748 | 68897.40072 | 0.405329404 | 5543.154343 | 0.30951412100000003 | 27760.19558 | 0.317212564 | 4560.187509 | 0.19232802100000002 | 8984.650239 | 0.135772191 | 8521.627207 | 0.37923572 | 14007.48361 | 0.128450937 | 5278.476032 | 0.107052867 | 394772.7134 | 0.133367423 | 113413.1497 | 0.115835059 | 19873.27494 | 0.12428081 | 5489.109936 | 0.152191671 | 78426.64768 | 0.058593437000000005 | 3507.6268609999997 | 0.037044936 | 262983.5327 | 0.038296051 | 76119.11894 | 0.036380373 | 187660.1562 | 0.15594234699999998 | 111539.4461 | 0.211796457 | 54683.35769 | 0.059486845999999996 | 22609.73127 | 0.11494195199999999 | 9256.846452 | 0.620417545 | 314.3044578 | 0.101209979 | 29464.05732 | 0.1066772 | 2118.009886 |
1952 | 0.27830047 | 151500.7716 | 0.24191774100000002 | 78184.6075 | 0.17646611399999998 | 51664.29626 | 0.27218035 | 16779.29358 | 0.44789043799999995 | 8522.396715 | 0.315065525 | 71712.90225 | 0.410455461 | 7111.899149 | 0.321398263 | 28682.21115 | 0.32167045899999996 | 4560.5498130000005 | 0.236621375 | 8549.523484000001 | 0.12976485599999998 | 8453.752703 | 0.365190963 | 14049.877690000001 | 0.118332318 | 5528.744726 | 0.106557209 | 395681.685 | 0.123233828 | 115158.594 | 0.117513595 | 21602.70043 | 0.099254004 | 5632.86294 | 0.137274371 | 78380.02637 | 0.09066087099999999 | 3685.938198 | 0.037359745 | 257106.4325 | 0.038729777 | 74374.94275 | 0.03664563 | 183511.8085 | 0.163814511 | 112113.8207 | 0.224335002 | 54172.88706 | 0.058849795 | 23602.39316 | 0.12295407800000001 | 9629.611441 | 0.5746872829999999 | 330.614589 | 0.106175649 | 30258.49974 | 0.10827747800000001 | 2191.445119 |
1953 | 0.253841576 | 153540.5609 | 0.216833387 | 80187.94157000001 | 0.147131096 | 51922.60935 | 0.24411633300000002 | 17885.12036 | 0.464363515 | 8772.883453 | 0.29112118 | 71975.58269 | 0.419521521 | 6530.186126 | 0.287133063 | 28668.573660000002 | 0.294737815 | 4603.351366 | 0.18218646600000002 | 9122.521773 | 0.138777851 | 8625.295684 | 0.35252666 | 14459.47056 | 0.11399070800000001 | 5561.317171 | 0.09882739199999999 | 394374.2443 | 0.110660291 | 116140.2117 | 0.12179166599999999 | 22553.20868 | 0.08913861 | 5777.590972999999 | 0.117639441 | 78195.19627 | 0.10293682 | 3803.024216 | 0.036720435 | 246426.5567 | 0.03819317 | 72250.0152 | 0.035966918 | 174867.1732 | 0.151034651 | 113046.7606 | 0.194349028 | 55678.084670000004 | 0.060358373 | 24155.660930000002 | 0.130716516 | 9011.868076 | 0.382414564 | 405.3192917 | 0.111412618 | 28977.83193 | 0.114930651 | 2031.693784 |
1954 | 0.245590015 | 153454.7536 | 0.199886148 | 82457.95391 | 0.146493761 | 53970.21237000001 | 0.224409697 | 18332.63919 | 0.36434809700000004 | 9249.596823 | 0.292452494 | 70438.55609 | 0.42336219700000005 | 5733.307868 | 0.292806501 | 29677.40523 | 0.304802278 | 4841.01469 | 0.174949023 | 8848.291791 | 0.13547642599999998 | 9005.256784000001 | 0.350725654 | 13233.802740000001 | 0.11705357599999999 | 5167.044172 | 0.0980369 | 384416.0222 | 0.10198801099999999 | 117159.1328 | 0.127179017 | 23701.51789 | 0.09820558800000001 | 5904.181705 | 0.103300345 | 77838.42392 | 0.084303429 | 3723.82838 | 0.03679067 | 241492.0329 | 0.038482554 | 68118.61767 | 0.035948754 | 174227.8835 | 0.157272926 | 107160.6855 | 0.205419238 | 51550.54659 | 0.06183462 | 24080.36954 | 0.13209131 | 9152.759524 | 0.370143029 | 451.17694220000004 | 0.11285266099999999 | 28075.58075 | 0.11980149400000001 | 1924.8173559999998 |
1955 | 0.232540645 | 157672.8116 | 0.189109529 | 84079.08632 | 0.127035689 | 55865.65611 | 0.22661990399999998 | 18608.53756 | 0.38806393200000006 | 9108.965585 | 0.275223157 | 72980.043 | 0.38854457299999995 | 5415.625734 | 0.27056569399999997 | 31272.931539999998 | 0.24500207300000001 | 5609.995279 | 0.179933587 | 9353.451056 | 0.1349825 | 9453.077279000001 | 0.342985195 | 13485.456580000002 | 0.137347789 | 4946.442946 | 0.092251475 | 397449.8736 | 0.09458735900000001 | 117365.4678 | 0.135424915 | 24121.89988 | 0.14045695800000002 | 6020.219318 | 0.08709865900000001 | 77264.8668 | 0.06788037200000001 | 3820.477183 | 0.037186657000000005 | 236117.5841 | 0.039056468999999996 | 66945.63905 | 0.036273005 | 169982.1502 | 0.143959002 | 116586.1367 | 0.177954936 | 57905.75328 | 0.061766165 | 24706.233630000002 | 0.128495251 | 9222.130672 | 0.33854348799999995 | 590.7660532000001 | 0.11472014900000001 | 29023.25973 | 0.124720841 | 1911.848149 |
1956 | 0.229631279 | 158618.783 | 0.18364634100000002 | 86034.09913999999 | 0.122382343 | 55036.285079999994 | 0.23471125699999998 | 19108.968409999998 | 0.345949779 | 10160.4661 | 0.275094255 | 72239.39043 | 0.386689921 | 5659.910806 | 0.25841577600000004 | 30779.672580000002 | 0.261992771 | 6101.88123 | 0.193336575 | 9687.768591 | 0.145768594 | 9316.135677 | 0.343635089 | 12720.21458 | 0.140040893 | 5365.184434000001 | 0.09173808300000001 | 397041.5862 | 0.0901887 | 117286.4483 | 0.13072129999999998 | 24420.27288 | 0.140507293 | 6118.565895000001 | 0.083387879 | 76490.11404 | 0.038090709 | 3875.2469450000003 | 0.04045399 | 221295.3497 | 0.042634548 | 61133.46088 | 0.03940343 | 161048.9846 | 0.140291791 | 120417.8933 | 0.168399567 | 60098.978129999996 | 0.06321787599999999 | 24708.2014 | 0.12514184 | 9317.427327 | 0.329586112 | 816.1751658 | 0.118769975 | 29819.18392 | 0.130932654 | 1790.051986 |
1957 | 0.230347713 | 156898.5154 | 0.19586521 | 84134.66161 | 0.14407481800000002 | 52459.46868 | 0.240004108 | 19283.16577 | 0.315181301 | 10393.44652 | 0.262889418 | 71752.81952 | 0.398210843 | 5361.182089 | 0.240622224 | 33671.912000000004 | 0.24105598 | 5892.024764 | 0.179671506 | 9517.368859 | 0.13550980599999998 | 9534.365333 | 0.345532734 | 10738.13739 | 0.131658469 | 6069.522054 | 0.09168133699999999 | 394204.7038 | 0.08701002599999999 | 116017.1767 | 0.12261 | 24066.23365 | 0.125876237 | 6191.890921 | 0.082893227 | 75595.0941 | 0.026010565 | 3773.9840979999994 | 0.044081635999999993 | 205194.7051 | 0.04662019 | 58647.81132000001 | 0.042873682 | 147203.2728 | 0.136822056 | 124258.0222 | 0.15929992 | 62983.45744 | 0.06568823900000001 | 24296.257840000002 | 0.12387644 | 9412.605031000001 | 0.327295608 | 592.7363379999999 | 0.12139793300000001 | 30930.8576 | 0.135532381 | 1896.6525 |