Others titles

  • Surgical Procedures Site Infections in California by County
  • Infections After Surgical Procedures in California by County

Keywords

  • Post-operative Infections
  • SSI Wound Infections
  • Surgical Site Infections
  • Infected Wounds
  • Post Surgery Infections
  • Surgical Procedure Complications
  • Surgical Infection Ratio

Surgical Procedure Infections in California

This dataset contains the Surgical Site Infections (SSI) collected data from the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI) for surgical procedures performed during 2021. The surgical infection ratio (SIR) is used to identify the SSI and it was calculated the number of predicted infections, the calculations were risk-adjusted.

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Description

This dataset shows the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) risk adjusted standardized infection ratios (SIR) for surgical site infections (SSIs) reported by hospitals for 24 operative procedures that are listed in the Data Dictionary. The SIR is calculated by dividing the number of observed infections by the number of predicted infections. The number of predicted infections is calculated using SSI probabilities estimated from multivariate logistic regression models constructed from NHSN data during a baseline time period 2006 through 2008, which represents a reference population’s SSI experience. To enforce a minimum precision criterion, an SIR is calculated only if the number of observed infections is at least one.

SIRs are based on the date of procedure, not the date of the SSI event. The SIR used for this dataset is a risk adjusted SIR that considers only complex SSI identified during hospital admission or readmission to the same hospital following inpatient surgeries. The procedure counts and infection counts submitted by each hospital are displayed along with an SIR, the 95 percent confidence interval for the SIR, and the statistical comparison as follows: No difference – no difference in number of observed and predicted infections, High – more infections than predicted, or Low – fewer infections than predicted.

Reporting of SSI data by California general acute care hospitals to CDPH and public reporting of hospitals’ risk-adjusted SSI rates by CDPH‘s HAI Program were mandated by Health and Safety Code 1288.55 (a)(3), (b)(2), and (c)(1). The frequency of SSIs varies depending on modifiable risk factors, such as surgical technique and infection prevention measures, and non-modifiable risk factors, such as underlying patient illnesses, whether the surgery was an emergency, and whether the wound was contaminated prior to surgery. The distribution of non-modifiable risk factors among patients, referred to as patient case mix, can vary widely among different hospitals. To report SSI rates that allow for meaningful comparisons between hospitals, it is critical to adjust for the differences in patient case mix. Instead of a risk-adjusted SSI rate, NHSN produces a standardized infection ratio (SIR) that compares the number of SSIs reported by a hospital to the number that is predicted based on a surgical procedure category-specific algorithm derived from national data reported to NHSN from 2006 through 2008.

NHSN produces two SIRs for each surgical category, one that includes all SSIs (including superficial incisional) and the second, the Complex A/R SIR, that includes only deep incisional and organ/space SSI identified during the index hospital admission or on readmission to the same hospital that performed the inpatient surgery. For this dataset, data was extracted from CDPH that used only the Complex A/R SIR, hereafter referred to as SIR. Ten surgical procedure categories were selected for presentation based on the number of SIRs generated. SIRs were generated more frequently for high volume surgical procedure categories, surgeries that have a higher predicted number of infections, or both. As such, these were the surgical procedure categories where infection prevention strategies would have the largest impact. These ten surgical procedure categories, abdominal hysterectomy, cesarean section, coronary artery bypass graft, colon surgery, hip prostheses, knee prostheses, open reduction of fracture, spinal fusion, small bowel surgery and bile duct, liver and pancreatic surgery, account for 66% of SIRs for all the risk-adjusted SP categories. The data was collected through reports from hospitals in California for 24 common procedures plus 5 procedures without risk adjusted comparisons: heart transplant, kidney surgery, ovarian surgery, pacemaker surgery, and spleen surgery.

The datasets used from CHHS Open Data Portal has been modified.

About this Dataset

Data Info

Date Created

2015-12-30

Last Modified

2022-05-27

Version

2022-05-27

Update Frequency

Annual

Temporal Coverage

2020-2021

Spatial Coverage

California, United States

Source

John Snow Labs; California Health and Human Services Open Data Portal;

Source License URL

Source License Requirements

N/A

Source Citation

N/A

Keywords

Post-operative Infections, SSI Wound Infections, Surgical Site Infections, Infected Wounds, Post Surgery Infections, Surgical Procedure Complications, Surgical Infection Ratio

Other Titles

Surgical Procedures Site Infections in California by County, Infections After Surgical Procedures in California by County

Data Fields

Name Description Type Constraints
CountyCalifornia county where surgical infection occurredstring-
YearYear when the cases occurreddate-
Operative_ProcedureType of surgerystring-
Facility_IDIdentification number of the hospitalintegerlevel : Nominal
Facility_NameName of the hospitalstring-
Procedure_CountNumber of times the procedure was performed in the hospitalintegerlevel : Ratio
Infection_CountNumber of procedures that had infection complicationintegerlevel : Ratio
Predicted_Infection_CountSurgical infection estimated probability calculated from a multivariate logistic regression model based on Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) datanumberlevel : Ratio
Standardized_Infection_RatioCenters for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) risk adjusted standardized infection ratio (SIR); division of the number of observed infections by number of predicted infectionsnumberlevel : Ratio
ComparisonStatistical comparison between the number of observed and predicted infections; Higher = more infections than predicted and Lower = fewer infections than predictedstring-
CI_LowerSurgical SIR 95% Confidence interval lower limit for percentnumberlevel : Ratio
CI_UpperSurgical SIR 95% Confidence interval upper limit for percentnumberlevel : Ratio
NotesSSI SIR was calculated by CDPH if the predicted number of infections was less than 1 and greater than or equal 0.2 (this SIR and its comparison are not as accurate as SIRs based on a larger number of predicted infections); if a hospital is not in the table, the hospital may be reporting data combined with another hospitalstring-

Data Preview

CountyYearOperative ProcedureFacility IDFacility NameProcedure CountInfection CountPredicted Infection CountStandardized Infection RatioComparisonCI LowerCI UpperNotes
2021STATE OF CALIFORNIA POOLED DATA62656034174293.720.8Better0.770.82
2021STATE OF CALIFORNIA POOLED DATA - Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair28001.90.0Same0.01.57
2021STATE OF CALIFORNIA POOLED DATA - Appendix surgery2780858113.630.51Better0.390.66
2021STATE OF CALIFORNIA POOLED DATA - Bile duct, liver or pancreatic surgery9413235250.70.94Same0.821.06
2021STATE OF CALIFORNIA POOLED DATA - Cardiac surgery130784353.780.8Same0.591.07
2021STATE OF CALIFORNIA POOLED DATA - Cesarean section113922176219.60.8Better0.690.93
2021STATE OF CALIFORNIA POOLED DATA - Colon surgery28821669772.90.87Better0.80.93
2021STATE OF CALIFORNIA POOLED DATA - Coronary bypass, chest and donor incisions126228199.030.82Same0.651.01
2021STATE OF CALIFORNIA POOLED DATA - Coronary bypass, chest incision only1675812.940.62Same0.291.17
2021STATE OF CALIFORNIA POOLED DATA - Exploratory abdominal surgery (laparotomy)43979228261.490.87Better0.760.99