Others titles
- Hospital Cost and Utilization Project National Trend Inpatient Stay 1994-2019
- Length Of Inpatient Stay National Trend 1994-2019
- Nationwide Length of stay Inpatient Hospitalization Trend 1994-2019
Keywords
- Inpatient Stay
- Length Of Hospital Stay
- Hospital Observation
- Average Hospital Stay
- Inpatient Services
- Inpatient Admission
- Inpatient Facility
- Inpatient Hospital Services
HCUP National Trend Inpatient Stay 1994-2019
The dataset has United States national trends in the number of inpatient stays, average cost per stay (actual and inflation-adjusted), average length of stay, and in-hospital mortality rate from 1994-2019. The trends are stratified by age, sex, expected payer, community-level income, and hospitalization type.
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Description
The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample NIS is based on data from community hospitals, which are defined as short-term, non-Federal, general, and other hospitals, excluding hospital units of other institutions (e.g., prisons). The NIS includes obstetrics and gynecology, otolaryngology, orthopedic, cancer, pediatric, public, and academic medical hospitals. Excluded are community hospitals that are also long-term care facilities such as rehabilitation, psychiatric, and alcoholism and chemical dependency hospitals. Beginning in 2012, long-term acute care hospitals (LTACs) are also excluded from the sampling frame. However, if a patient received long-term care, rehabilitation, or treatment for psychiatric or chemical dependency conditions in a community hospital, the discharge record for that stay will be included in the NIS.
The NIS is sampled from the HCUP State Inpatient Databases (SID). Beginning with the 2012 data year, the NIS is a 20 percent sample of discharges from all community hospitals participating in HCUP in that data year. For data years 1988 through 2011, the NIS was a 20 percent sample of community hospitals and included all discharges within sampled hospitals. The national estimates presented in this section of Fast Stats were developed using the NIS Trend Weight Files for consistent estimates across all data years (e.g., LTACs were removed from analysis using trend weights). National estimates for data years prior to 2012 use the NIS Trend Weights Files for consistent estimates across all data years. Information by community-level income is only reported from 2003 forward because of inconsistent definitions over time in the income-related data elements in the NIS. Costs are only reported from 2000 forward because HCUP Cost-to-Charge Ratios (CCRs) are unavailable prior to 2000.
The Data Characteristic in the dataset include Inpatient stay, Age, Sex, Expected Payer, Community level income and Hospitalization type. Inpatient Stays: The unit of analysis in the NIS is the hospital discharge (i.e., the inpatient stay), not a person or patient. This means that a person who is admitted to the hospital multiple times in one year will be counted each time as a separate “discharge” from the hospital. Counts are summarized by discharge year. There were no exclusions applied to the data (e.g., transfers to another acute care hospital are included as separate hospital stays).
Age: Age refers to the age of the patient at admission. Discharges missing age are excluded from results reported by age. Sex: All non-male, non-female responses are set to missing. Discharges with missing values for sex are excluded from results reported by sex. Expected Payer: The “expected payer” data element in HCUP databases provides information on the type of payer that the hospital expects to be the source of payment for the hospital bill. Information is reported by the following expected primary payers: Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, and the uninsured. Uninsured discharges include records in which the expected primary payer was self-pay, charity, and no charge. Discharges for other types of payers (e.g., Worker’s compensation, Indian Health Service, State and local programs) are not reported. Discharges missing expected payer are excluded from results reported by expected payer. Community-Level Income: Community-level income is based on the median household income of the patient’s ZIP Code of residence, with quartiles defined using the U.S. population. Over time, the data element in the NIS for community-level income has changed definitions. Starting in data year 2003, the cut-offs for the quartile designation are determined annually using ZIP Code demographic data obtained from the Nielsen Company, a vendor that compiles and adds value to data from the U.S. Bureau of Census. Nielsen uses intercensal methods to estimate annual household and demographic statistics for geographic areas. The value ranges for the national income quartiles vary by year. Information by community-level income is only reported from 2003 forward because of inconsistent definitions over time in the income-related data elements in the NIS. Income quartile is missing if the patient is homeless or foreign. Discharges missing the income quartile are excluded from results reported by community-level income.
Hospitalization Type: “Coding criteria for the six hospitalization types are based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis codes, Clinical Classifications Software (CCS) categories, and diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). There are approximately 14,000 ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes. The Clinical Classifications Software (CCS) categorizes ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes into a manageable number of clinically meaningful categories. This clinical grouper makes it easier to quickly understand patterns of diagnoses. DRGs group patients according to diagnosis, type of treatment (procedure), age, and other relevant criteria. Each hospital stay has one assigned DRG. Each discharge was assigned to a single hospitalization type hierarchically, based on the following order: maternal, neonatal, mental health, injury, surgical, and medical. All discharges are categorized in one of the six mutually exclusive types of service lines.
About this Dataset
Data Info
Date Created | 2015-09-11 |
---|---|
Last Modified | 2022-04-14 |
Version | 2022-04-14 |
Update Frequency |
Never |
Temporal Coverage |
1994-2019 |
Spatial Coverage |
United States |
Source | John Snow Labs; Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project; |
Source License URL | |
Source License Requirements |
N/A |
Source Citation |
N/A |
Keywords | Inpatient Stay, Length Of Hospital Stay, Hospital Observation, Average Hospital Stay, Inpatient Services, Inpatient Admission, Inpatient Facility, Inpatient Hospital Services |
Other Titles | Hospital Cost and Utilization Project National Trend Inpatient Stay 1994-2019, Length Of Inpatient Stay National Trend 1994-2019, Nationwide Length of stay Inpatient Hospitalization Trend 1994-2019 |
Data Fields
Name | Description | Type | Constraints |
---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | Data Characteristic: Inpatient stay, Age, Sex, Expected Payer, Community level income and Hospitalization type | string | - |
Characteristic_Level | string | - | |
Year | Year of Data | string | - |
Number_Of_Inpatient_Stays | Number of people hospitalized | number | level : Ratio |
Average_Total_Hospital_Cost_In_Dollars_Actual | Actual Cost per stay: The NIS includes information on total hospital charges for an inpatient stay. Charges represent the amount a hospital billed for the entire hospital stay, excluding professional (physician) fees. Total hospital charges are converted to costs using HCUP Cost-to-Charge Ratios (CCRs based on hospital accounting reports from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). | number | level : Ratio |
Average_Total_Hospital_Cost_In_Dollars_Inflation_Adjusted | Inflation-Adjusted Cost per stay: The actual average cost per stay is inflation adjusted using price indexes for the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) National Income and Products Accounts (NIPA). Annual values starting in 1994 for the price indexes were obtained on June 23, 2015. The adjustment used 2010 as the index base so that updates to the trends could retain a consistent base. | number | level : Ratio |
Average_Length_of_Stay_Days | Length of Stay: The length of stay (LOS) is the number of days that the patient stayed in the hospital. It is calculated by subtracting the admission date from the discharge date. Same-day stays are therefore coded with a length of stay of 0. The average LOS is calculated using discharges with nonmissing LOS. | number | level : Ratio |
In_Hospital_Mortality_Rate_Per_100_Stays | In-Hospital Mortality: In-hospital mortality is determined by the discharge disposition of the patient from the hospital. The numerator of the mortality rate is the number of patients within a reporting category (e.g., within a specific diagnosis category) who died in the hospital. The denominator is based on the total number of discharges in the reporting category. Discharges missing discharge disposition are excluded from the numerator and denominator of the in-hospital mortality rate. | number | level : Ratio |
Rate_Per_100000_Population | Population-based rates are presented for inpatient stay trends overall and by age, sex, community-level income, and hospitalization type. Rates are not reported by expected payer because currently there is no data source for national population insurance estimates that align with HCUP's definition of expected primary payer. The rate of stays includes the HCUP number of stays in the numerator and the U.S. resident population in the denominator (with a multiplier of 100,000). For age, sex, and community-level income, the denominator is consistently defined with the numerator (i.e., rates for females use HCUP counts and population counts specific to females). For hospitalization type, the denominator represents the total U.S. resident population. Population data are obtained from Claritas, a vendor that produces population estimates and projections based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau. | number | level : Ratio |